City of Salem, Massachusetts. (2024). Manual of the City Government – 2024-2025.

Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Court. (1925-2026). Public officials of Massachusetts. Boston Review.

Morrison, D. A., & Schultz, N. L. (Eds.). (2004). Salem: Place, myth, and memory. Northeastern University Press.

Salem Evening News. (1880–2002). 

Salem News. (2002–present). Eagle-Tribune Publishing Company.

Salem State University Archives and Special Collections. (April 2019–present). Salem State University Library Archives and Special Collections Blog. 

Salem Public Library. (n.d.). Salem Links and Lore. Retrieved June 1, 2026.

Seger, D. A., & Austin, B. (Eds.). (2026). Salem’s centuries: New perspectives on the history of an old American city. Temple University Press.